Permissions
Permissions to use copyrighted material must be obtained when the use is not covered by the copyright law and its exceptions.
Permissions should be in writing and from the copyright holder. Maintain copies of all of the correspondence. All requests for permissions must be sent to the copyright holder of record or their agent. Requests should include the following information:
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Your name, address, telephone number, and fax number.
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Your title/position and name of university.
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The date of your request.
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A complete and accurate citation.
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A precise description of the proposed use of the copyrighted material as well as when and for how long the material will be used.
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A signature line for the copyright holder including their title if they are representing a company and the date.
Orphan Works
Orphan works are works where the copyright holder cannot be identified and/or located. With the duration of copyright increasing, more works are becoming part of this category. It is sometimes difficult to locate the copyright holder to request their permission to use the work. Use due diligence in trying to identify and locate the owner of the copyrighted work and maintain records of all correspondence. However, if you are unsuccessful in your quest, then consider the following options:
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Re-evaluate the fair use exception
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Revise your use of the copyrighted work
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Substitute comparable works
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Assess the risk